• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Machine (100) and method for forming boxes (C). The machine (100) comprises a male (3) that can be inserted and removable in a mold (50), where in the male (3) a first distance (D1) between some pushers (7) is greater than a second distance (D2) between upper stops (10), to receive second wall panels (P2) inclined to form a box (C). In the mold (50) the inclination members (91) keep said panels (P2) inclined, limiting their inclination on the side of their internal faces by means of the upper stops (10). In the mold (50) active benders (71, 81) are positioned in their bending position after the tilting members (91) reach their tilting position (91), causing the controlled bending of a roof fins (P3) by horizontal fold lines (L1) that join them to said inclined panels (P2), to a position where the roof flaps (P3) are horizontal. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2798155A1
    申请号:ES201930768
    申请日:2019-09-03
    公开日:2020-12-09
    发明作者:Olmos Telesforo Gonzalez
    申请人:Telesforo Gonzalez Maquinaria SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0004] TECHNICAL SECTOR
    [0006] The present invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a machine for forming boxes from flat sheets of laminar material. The present invention also concerns, according to a second aspect, a method for forming boxes.
    [0008] Throughout this description, the term "sheet material" is used to designate corrugated cardboard sheet, corrugated plastic sheet, compact cardboard sheet, compact plastic sheet, and the like.
    [0010] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0012] Documents US2798416A, US3978774A, ES235835U, ES255122U, US4581005A, ES2342522B1 and EP3305514A1 disclose machines for the formation of boxes by folding and gluing of blanks of sheet material. Said machines comprise a mold with a molding cavity and a conveyor for individually transporting flat plates from an initial position to the mouth of said molding cavity. Also said machines include a tap movable guided in a path aligned with said mouth of the molding cavity, and a tap drive that moves said core in use along said path aligned in an insertion direction, to press said flat plate and inserting it into the mold cavity causing a bending of parts thereof to form a box, and in an opposite extraction direction, to extract the core from the mold cavity. Furthermore, said machines comprise glue applicator equipment with a plurality of glue injectors that apply strings of glue to join parts of the plate by gluing. The machines of these documents are not suitable for the formation of conical boxes, that is, boxes with two opposite side walls with a convergent inclination towards the mouth of the box.
    [0014] Document ES2439142B1 describes a device for bending and gluing the corners of conical cardboard boxes, where two of the opposite sides of the box are perpendicular to the box while the other two opposite sides adopt a certain angle, not being perpendicular to the base, that is attached to a mold system by triggers or column, comprising a curved tilting piece anchored by means of a rotation axis and a fork adjustable on one axis thanks to a slot provided in a clamping bracket integral to the mold by triggers, and which has on said tilting curved piece, on the one hand, a pneumatic cylinder and its support for the Tilting flange bender through an axis, and on the other hand, a pneumatic cylinder and support for forming the taper of the box. It is described that the cardboard sheet would slide in through the upper part of the tilting curved piece and once in position the male or mandrel acts pushing the plate and sliding it in the straight part of the tilting curved piece.
    [0016] In documents ES2439142B1 and ES2646330B1, when the male comes out, the pneumatic cylinder comes into operation, forming the conicity of the box. The flange bender, attached to the tilting curved piece, will then act to bend the flange to the gluing position. The trigger of the mold is then activated by triggers or column, pushing the already glued column side until it is glued to the flange and thus forming the column of the box.
    [0018] Documents ES2439142B1 and ES2646330B1 have focused, among others, on solving the technical problem of forming the inclination of opposite side walls to obtain conical rectangular boxes in boxes of triangular column format. In these documents the inclined side walls have fins that form a triangular column by folding by fold lines essentially perpendicular to the base of the box and to the fold lines of said inclined walls. Since the bend lines of the inclined walls are essentially perpendicular to the bend lines of the triangular column, the bending of the triangular column is not capable of modifying the inclination of the walls, and therefore said conical boxes are correctly formed.
    [0020] However, the technical problem to be solved is related to the formation of another box format. Said boxes are prismatic boxes with a polygonal base with two opposite inclined walls folded around base fold lines, and said inclined walls are provided with additional fold lines parallel to the base fold lines. The additional fold lines allow the folding of flaps called horizontal "canopies", extending horizontally from the sloping wall into the box. In said horizontal roof flaps, an identical box is stacked on top of the other with the product contained therein. In this case, the inclination of the inclined walls is liable to be modified in an undesired way when the horizontal roof fins are folded later, due to the fact that the base fold lines and the fold lines additional are parallel. This effect is aggravated by insufficiently marked fold lines, either because this fact makes the manufacture of the sheet of laminar material cheaper, or because of a manufacturing error of the sheet that can be corrected by means of a box-forming machine capable of forming even said quality plates. low and low cost, or defective.
    [0022] Thus, in state-of-the-art box-forming machines there is no control over the inclination of the sloping walls at an angle of less than 90 degrees with respect to the base, while keeping the roof flaps horizontal. It is important that the boxes are formed with the inclination in the side walls for which they were designed so that the reinforcing corners are in adequate contact with the base to confer structural strength to the box, even more so in view of its subsequent stacking . On the other hand, it is important that said roof flaps are horizontal to ensure said stacking of boxes.
    [0024] EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
    [0026] To overcome the drawbacks set forth in the previous section, the present invention presents, according to a first aspect of the invention, a machine for forming boxes.
    [0028] The box forming machine comprises a chassis, and a core drive member supported on the chassis which is capable of imparting a vertical direction guided downward and upward movement to a core.
    [0029] Likewise, said machine comprises a core attached to the core actuating member movable according to the vertical from an extracted position located outside a molding cavity to an inserted position causing the introduction of the core into the molding cavity.
    [0031] Likewise, said machine comprises a mold supported in use on the chassis and provided with said molding cavity that is essentially rectangular and defined by a plurality of benders configured to bend parts of a sheet of sheet material in cooperation with said core.
    [0033] Said tap comprises a support structure connected in use to the tap actuator, provided with a core and two side members.
    [0035] The two side members are attached one to each side of the core according to a first horizontal direction, and are configured to, in cooperation with at least two first inclined or curved benders facing each other on two opposite sides of the molding cavity, folding two first wall panels facing each other and attached to the base of the sheet. Said members can, for example, be fixed or hinged together.
    [0037] Said male also comprises at least two tilting or retractable pushers supported on the support structure, provided with lateral ends that project from four corresponding corners of the support structure. At least one pusher is located towards one side and at least one other towards the opposite side of the core according to a second horizontal direction Y perpendicular to the first horizontal direction X.
    [0039] The pushers are movable between an extended position to press a base of said plate during the descent of the core, and a retracted position to overcome a roof flap of the box during the ascent of the core.
    [0041] The pushers are configured to, in cooperation with at least two mutually facing inclined or curved second benders on two other opposite sides of the mold cavity, to bend two second wall panels mutually facing and attached to the base of the slab.
    [0043] Said male also further comprises at least two tilting or retractable upper stops supported on the support structure, provided with lateral ends that project from four corresponding corners of the support structure, at least one being located towards one side and at least one towards the side. opposite the core according to the second horizontal direction Y and above the respective pushers.
    [0045] The tilting upper stops are movable between an extended position and a retracted position to overcome a horizontal roof flap of the box during the ascent of the core.
    [0047] The tilting upper stops are configured to, in cooperation with the mold, assist the bending of said two second wall panels facing each other and attached to the base of the plate.
    [0049] Said mold further comprises at least two first active benders. Each active bender comprises an actuator configured to move a rotary shaft, a horizontal rotary shaft operatively connected to said actuator, and a bending blade integrally attached to said rotary shaft that moves between a position. of rest where it is outside or adjacent to the mold cavity and a bending position where it is positioned inside the mold cavity.
    [0051] Said turning shafts of each active bender are mutually facing on two opposite sides adjacent to the molding cavity.
    [0053] Said mold further comprises four second active benders, one located in each of the four corners of the rectangular molding cavity, each comprising a bending member movable by a second actuator between a rest position where it is outside or adjacent to the mold cavity and a bending position where it is positioned towards the interior of the mold cavity.
    [0054] Also, the mold includes at least two tilt benders, each located on two opposite sides adjacent to the mold cavity. Each tilting bender comprises a tilting member that swivels about a horizontal axis of rotation supported on a tilting bracket, and a tilting actuator operable to move the tilting member between a rest position, in which the tilting member is in a plane. vertical or adjacent to the mold cavity, and a tilting position, in which the tilting member is on a plane slightly inclined towards the interior of the mold cavity.
    [0056] Similarly, in the male, a first distance between the lateral ends of the pushers located on opposite sides of the core is greater than a second distance between the ends of the upper stops located on opposite sides of the core, to receive the respective second wall panels inclined facing each other and bent at respective angles less than 90 degrees with respect to the base of the box, to form a tapered box with sloping walls.
    [0058] Likewise, the inclination members cooperate together with the upper stops to maintain said inclined wall panels in their inclined position, so that the inclination members are configured to incline the walls on the outside of the box, pushing them towards the inside, and the stops The upper ones are configured to limit said inclination on the inside of the box.
    [0060] Furthermore, the first and second active benders are configured to position themselves in their bending position after the tilting members reach their tilting position, causing controlled bending of the respective roof flaps by respective horizontal bend lines joining them to. the second wall panels inclined to a horizontal roof flap bending position. This controlled bending occurs thanks to the fact that the Top stops and tilt members cooperate with the first active benders to keep the second sloped wall panels at the desired inclination at said respective angles during folding of the roof flaps to a folding position where the folding blades are horizontal.
    [0062] With this, it is possible to have control over the inclination of the inclined walls of the box at an angle of less than 90 degrees with respect to the base, while maintaining the horizontal roof fins. The advantages and problems solved with the machine of the present invention is essential for the customer's decision to purchase the box-forming machine.
    [0064] Preferably, in said machine, the tap actuator is configured to impart said upward movement to the tap after the first and second active benders are positioned in their bending position.
    [0065] Also preferably, the mold of said box-forming machine further comprises four third benders located between each respective first and second benders, one being adjacent to each of the four corners of the rectangular molding cavity. Also the mold comprises at least two third active benders, mutually facing each other on opposite sides of the molding cavity.
    [0067] Each third active bender comprises a molding member provided with a vertical surface and connected to a linear actuator, and a linear actuator configured to move said molding members in opposite parallel directions, between a receiving position, where they are separated by a third measure greater than the outer measurement between the first two wall panels perpendicular to the base of the box, and a folding and gluing position where they are separated by a fourth distance corresponding to the outer measurement between the first wall panels perpendicular to the base of the box.
    [0069] Also preferably, in the box-forming machine, the core comprises linear guide devices and respective linear guide locking and unlocking devices for vertical adjustment of the upper stops relative to the support structure.
    [0071] Furthermore, the male comprises second linear guide devices for the regulation in the first horizontal direction X of the upper stops.
    [0072] Likewise, the male comprises third linear guide devices and third linear guide locking and unlocking devices for adjusting the pushers in the first horizontal direction X.
    [0074] Also in this preferred option, each tilting bender further comprises a linear guide device and a linear guide unlocking locking device for vertically regulating the axis of rotation around which the tilting member is tilted while maintaining the position of said tilting member.
    [0076] With this, the box forming machine allows the formation of conical boxes with inclined walls bent at changing angles, for example, boxes with walls that form 85 degrees, 80 degrees, 75 degrees, etc. relative to the base. It is also possible for the formation of boxes of a variety of heights. Thus, the box forming machine is adjustable for different box heights and / or wall inclinations.
    [0078] In one option, in the box forming machine the core comprises four pusher members and four upper stops that protrude from the four corners of the support structure, two being located towards one side and two towards another opposite side of the core, being the pusher members and upper stops adjustable according to the second horizontal direction Y.
    [0080] Following this option, the mold comprises four corner sets corresponding to four corners of the rectangular molding cavity, where each corner set is adjustable according to a first and second mutually perpendicular horizontal X, Y directions. Each corner assembly comprises one of said first benders, one of said second benders, one of said active second benders, one of said tilting benders, and one of said active third benders, all supported on a main support. With this, a machine is obtained for the formation of conical boxes with bases of different sizes.
    [0082] Optionally, in each corner assembly of the box forming machine, a flange regulates the position of the first bender and the third active bender with respect to the main support according to the first horizontal direction X, and a second flange regulates the position of the second bender with respect to the main support according to the second horizontal direction Y.
    [0084] In a first embodiment of the box forming machine, in the core the pushers are tiltable and each one is mounted to pivot about an axis of tilting aligned with the second horizontal direction Y, and the upper stops are tiltable and each is mounted to pivot about a hinge axis aligned with the second horizontal direction Y.
    [0086] Optionally to the first embodiment, the male of the box-forming machine further comprises a rotation limiter associated with each pusher to keep the respective pusher rigid in its extended position, and which allows its respective tilting pusher to pivot to its retracted position. Likewise, the male comprises a second rotation limiter associated with each said upper stop to keep the respective upper stop rigid in its extended position, and which allows its respective tilting upper stop to pivot to its retracted position.
    [0088] Alternatively, according to a second embodiment of the box forming machine, in the core, the pusher and the upper stop on the same side are linked by means of a mechanism.
    [0090] Alternatively, according to a third embodiment of the box forming machine, in the core, the pushers are retractable and each is mounted at the end of a linear driver configured to move the pushers between their extended position and their retracted position.
    [0092] Optionally, in the mold of the box-forming machine, each folding blade is provided with at least one window through which the tilting member protrudes that allows the folding blade and the tilting member to be in the bending position at the same time.
    [0094] To overcome the drawbacks set forth in the previous section, the present invention presents, according to a second aspect of the invention, a method for the formation of boxes.
    [0096] Said method for forming boxes comprises the step a) of imparting a guided descent and ascent movement according to the vertical direction to a core, by means of a core drive member supported on a chassis, wherein the core moves between a position drawn outside a mold cavity and an inserted position causing the insertion of the core into the mold cavity.
    [0098] Likewise, said method comprises the step of b) bending parts of a sheet of sheet material by means of said core in cooperation with a mold.
    [0099] Step b) comprises, in turn, step b1) of bending two first wall panels facing each other and attached to the base of the plate by means of two side members joined to each side of a core of the core according to a first horizontal direction X Said core is provided in a support structure connected in use to the plug actuator.
    [0101] The folding of said first wall panels with respect to the base of the box is carried out in cooperation with at least two first inclined or curved benders, mutually facing each other on opposite sides of the molding cavity.
    [0103] Likewise, step b) comprises step b2) of folding two second wall panels facing each other and attached to the base of the sheet, and provided in their upper part with roof fins, by means of at least two tilting or retractable pushers supported on the support structure.
    [0105] Said pushers are provided with lateral ends that project from four corresponding corners of the support structure, and at least one pusher is located towards one side and at least one other towards the opposite side of the core according to a second horizontal direction AND perpendicular to the first direction. horizontal X.
    [0107] Said pushers are movable between an extended position to press a base of said plate during the descent of the core, and a retracted position to overcome a horizontal roof flap of the box during the ascent of the core.
    [0109] The folding of said second wall panels with respect to the base of the box is carried out in cooperation with at least two second inclined or curved benders, mutually facing each other on opposite sides of the molding cavity.
    [0111] Also, step b) comprises step b3) of assisting in the bending of said two mutually facing second wall panels attached to the base of the sheet by means of at least two tilting or retractable upper stops supported on the support structure.
    [0113] Said upper stops are provided with lateral ends that project from four corresponding corners of the support structure.
    [0115] At least one upper stop is located towards one side and at least one other towards the opposite side of the core according to the second horizontal direction Y and above the respective pushers.
    [0117] Additionally, step b) comprises step b4) of moving at least two first active benders, each comprising an actuator configured to moving a rotation shaft, a horizontal rotation shaft operatively connected to said actuator, and a bending blade integrally attached to said rotation shaft that moves between a rest position where it is outside or adjacent to the molding cavity and a bending position where it is positioned within the mold cavity, and where the turning shafts of each active bender are facing each other on two opposite sides adjacent to the mold cavity.
    [0119] Likewise, step b) comprises step b5) of moving four active second benders between a rest position where it is outside or adjacent to the molding cavity and a bending position where it is positioned inside the cavity of molding.
    [0121] Also, step b) comprises step b6) of tilting said two second wall panels by means of tilting benders provided with respective tilting members.
    [0123] Said tilt occurs between a rest position, where each tilt member and its second wall panel are in a vertical plane or adjacent to the molding cavity, and a tilt position, where each tilt member and its wall panel they are in a respective plane slightly inclined towards the interior of the mold cavity.
    [0125] Said tilt benders are located on two opposite sides adjacent to the molding cavity, and each of them comprise a tilting member that tilts about a horizontal axis of rotation supported on a tilting bracket, and a tilting actuator operable to move the tilting member.
    [0127] Similarly, step b) comprises step b7) of receiving said two respective wall panels inclined mutually facing each other and bent at respective angles less than 90 degrees with respect to the base of the box at the ends of the pushers and the upper stops to form a tapered box with sloping walls.
    [0129] Said reception occurs with the male configured with a first distance between the lateral ends of the pushers located on opposite sides of the core greater than a second distance between the ends of the upper stops located on those same opposite sides of the core.
    [0131] Likewise, step b) comprises step b8) of keeping the second wall panels inclined by means of the inclination members and the upper stops, so that the inclination members incline the walls on the outside of the box. pushing them towards the inside, and the upper stops limit said inclination on the inside of the box.
    [0133] Also, step b) comprises step b9) of positioning the first and second active benders in their bending position after step b8), causing controlled bending of the respective roof fins by respective horizontal fold lines that join them. the second wall panels to a bending position where the canopy flaps are horizontal, thanks to the movement of the first active benders to a bending position where the bending blades are horizontal, in cooperation with the upper stops and limbs tilters that keep said wall panels inclined with the desired inclination at said respective angles during the folding of the roof flaps.
    [0135] Preferably, in step a) of said method the upward movement of the core is imparted after step b9). A formation with the core in this position assists in correct bending of the plate, even when the fold lines of the plate are faulty.
    [0137] Also preferably, in step b9) of said method, the second active benders fold and glue two reinforcing flaps located on both sides of each roof fin after the first active benders reach their bending position where the bending blades are horizontal. .
    [0139] Also preferably, said method comprises, after steps b1), b2) and b6), further step b10) of displacing at least two molding members that form an integral part of respective third active benders.
    [0141] Said third active benders face each other on opposite sides of the molding cavity. Each third active bender comprises a molding member provided with a vertical surface and connected to a linear actuator, and said linear actuator moving said molding members in opposite parallel directions.
    [0143] The displacement in step b10) of the molding members and their vertical surfaces is effected in opposite parallel directions between a receiving position where they are spaced a third measure greater than the outer measure between the first two wall panels perpendicular to the base. of the box, and a folding and gluing position where a fourth distance corresponding to the outside measurement is separated between the first wall panels perpendicular to the base of the box.
    [0144] This stage b10) helps the correct formation of the inclined walls without dragging the glue deposited on the plate, among other advantages.
    [0145] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0147] To complement the description that is being made of the object of the invention and to aid in a better understanding of the characteristics that distinguish it, the present specification is accompanied, as an integral part thereof, by a set of plans, in the that for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
    [0149] Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the box forming machine of the present invention according to a first embodiment, wherein the core and the mold are not shown sectioned for clarity.
    [0151] Fig. 2 is a view of the core and mold of Fig. 1, where in the mold the corner assemblies are shown partially exploded.
    [0153] Fig. 3 is a top perspective view of the core and mold of Fig. 1.
    [0155] Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the mold of Fig. 3, where some elements have been omitted for clarity.
    [0157] Fig. 5 is a top perspective view of the tilting benders that form an integral part of the mold of Fig. 4, where a detail V is indicated.
    [0159] Fig. 6 is the detail view V of Fig. 5.
    [0161] Fig. 7 is a plan view of the mold of Fig. 4 with the benders active in a certain position, and where a section D-D is indicated.
    [0163] Fig. 8 is a plan view of the mold of Fig. 7 with some active benders in another certain position.
    [0165] Fig. 9 is a top perspective view of section D-D.
    [0167] Fig. 10 is a side and cutaway view according to section D-D, and where the male of Fig. 3 is shown.
    [0169] Figs. 11 and 12 are respective top perspective views of a corner assembly shown in Fig. 2.
    [0171] Figs. 13 and 14 are respective exploded top perspective views of the corner assembly of Figs. 11 and 12.
    [0173] Fig. 15 is a top perspective view of the tap of Figs. 1 to 3.
    [0174] Fig. 16 is a partially exploded view of the tap of Fig. 15.
    [0176] Fig. 17 is a partially exploded view of the elements of the male of Figs. 15 and 16.
    [0178] Fig. 18 is a plan view of the core of Figs. 1 to 3, and where an E-E section is indicated.
    [0180] Fig. 19 are the exploded parts of Fig. 17 assembled.
    [0182] Fig. 20 is a side view of Fig. 19.
    [0184] Figs. 21 and 22 are front and side views of a rectangular box with two opposite wall panels, and two opposite second wall panels, two opposite walls being inclined at respective angles less than 90 degrees relative to the base.
    [0186] Figs. 23 to 25 show the sequence of operation of the core during the formation of the box, the box sectioned for better understanding, and the tilting members.
    [0188] Fig. 26 shows the male of Fig. 19 configured to form lower boxes.
    [0190] Fig. 27 is a side view of the male of Fig. 26 and a sectional view of the lower-height box to be formed.
    [0192] Fig. 28 shows the core of Fig. 1 referring to a second embodiment of the box forming machine of the present invention.
    [0194] Fig. 29 shows the core of Fig. 1 relating to a third embodiment of the box forming machine of the present invention.
    [0196] DETAILED EXHIBITION OF MODES OF REALIZATION / EXAMPLES
    [0198] According to a first aspect of the present invention, Fig. 1 shows a machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C) that comprises a chassis (1), and a male actuator (2) supported on the chassis ( 1) which is capable of imparting a guided descent and ascent movement according to the vertical direction to a core (3).
    [0199] Likewise, said machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C) comprises a core (3) joined to the male drive member (2) movable according to the vertical from an extracted position located outside a molding cavity (51) to a position introduced causing the introduction of the male (3) in the mold cavity (51). The vertical is represented by the Z direction.
    [0201] Likewise, said machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C) comprises a mold (50) supported in use in the chassis (1) and provided with said molding cavity (51) which is essentially rectangular and defined by a plurality of benders (61, 62) configured to bend parts of a sheet of sheet material in cooperation with said core (3).
    [0203] The machine (100) for forming boxes (C) further comprises a conveyor (41) that transports the plates in a linear direction (T) and that positions the plates (40) individually on the molding cavity (51) and by below the male (3), which is suspended. During transport, injectors (44) supported on the chassis (1) inject beads of glue onto the plate (P).
    [0205] Furthermore, the box-forming machine (100) comprises a plate loader (45) capable of supporting plates (P) on the chassis (1), provided with two lateral supports (46), one on each side of the plate (P) supported. In this example, said machine (100) has a plate suction mechanism (49) that takes the plates (P) from the plate loader (45) and deposits them on two transport guides (47), one on each side of the transported plate (P).
    [0207] Figs. 1 to 3 and 15 show that said male (3) comprises a support structure (4) connected in use to the male actuating member (2), provided with a core (5) and two side members (6).
    [0209] The two side members (6) are attached one to each side of the core (5) according to a first horizontal direction (X), configured to press the base (P0) of said plate (P) during the descent of the male (3), and configured for, in cooperation with four first curved benders (61) mutually facing each other in pairs on two opposite sides of the molding cavity (51), folding two first wall panels (P1) facing each other and attached to the base (P0) of the plate (P) shown in Figs. 21 and 22.
    [0211] Figs. 15 to 27 show in detail that said male (3) also comprises four tilting or retractable pushers (7) supported on the support structure (4), provided with lateral ends that protrude from four corresponding corners of the support structure (4), being two pushers (7) located towards one side and two others towards the opposite side of the core (5) according to a second horizontal direction (Y) perpendicular to the first horizontal direction (X).
    [0212] The pushers (7) are movable between an extended position to press a base (P0) of said plate (P) during the descent of the male (3), and a retracted position to overcome a horizontal roof flap (P3) of the box ( C) during the ascent of the male (3), represented in the sequence of Figs. 23 to 25 ..
    [0214] The pushers (7) are configured to, in cooperation with four mutually inclined second benders (62) facing each other in pairs on two other opposite sides of the molding cavity (51) as shown in Fig. 3, to bend two second panels wall panels (P2) mutually facing and attached to the base (P0) of the plate (P) shown in Figs. 21 to 25.
    [0216] Following in Figs. 15 to 27, said male (3) also further comprises four tilting upper stops (10) supported on the support structure (4), provided with lateral ends that project from four corresponding corners of the support structure (4).
    [0218] Two upper stops (10) are located towards one side and two others towards the opposite side of the core (5) according to the second horizontal direction (Y) and above the respective pushers (7).
    [0220] Figs. 23 to 25 show that the upper stops (10) are movable between an extended position and a retracted position to overcome said horizontal canopy flap (P3) of the box (C) during the ascent of the male (3).
    [0222] The upper stops (10) are configured to, in cooperation with the mold (50), help the bending of said two second wall panels (P2) mutually facing and attached to the base (P0) of the plate (P). Figs. 21 and 22 show the box (C) formed.
    [0224] In Figs. 2 and 7-10, the mold (50) includes two first active benders (71). Each active bender (71) comprises an actuator (72), embodied in a pneumatic cylinder, configured to move a rotary shaft (73), a horizontal rotary shaft (73) operatively connected to said actuator (72), and a blade of bending (74) integrally attached to said rotation shaft (73) that moves between a rest position (Fig. 7) where it is outside or adjacent to the molding cavity (51) and a bending position (Fig. 8) where it is positioned inside the molding cavity (51).
    [0225] Figs. 7 and 8 show that said turning shafts (73) of each active bender (71) are mutually facing on two opposite sides adjacent to the mold cavity (51).
    [0226] Figs. 7, 8, and 11 and 12 show that said mold (50) further comprises four active second benders (81), each one located in each of the four corners of the rectangular molding cavity (51), each one comprising a bending member (82) movable by a second actuator (83), embodied in a pneumatic cylinder, between a rest position (Figs. 7, 9, 11 and 12) where it is outside or adjacent to the molding cavity ( 51) and a bending position where it is positioned towards the interior of the molding cavity (51).
    [0228] Figs. 2-8 and 23 and 24 show that the mold (50) includes four tilting benders (90), located in pairs on two opposite sides adjacent to the mold cavity (51). Each tilting bender (90) comprises a tilting member (91) that swivels about a horizontal axis of rotation (92) supported on a tilting bracket (96), and a tilting actuator (93) operable to move the tilting member ( 91) between a rest position (Fig. 24), in which the tilting member (91) is in a vertical plane or adjacent to the molding cavity (51), and a tilting position (Fig. 23), in where the tilting member (91) is in a plane slightly inclined towards the interior of the molding cavity (51).
    [0230] In Figs. 15, 18 and 20 it is shown that in the male (3) of said machine (100) a first distance (D1) between the lateral ends of the pushers (7) located on opposite sides of the core (5) is greater than a second distance (D2) between the ends of the upper stops (10) located on opposite sides of the core (5). This configuration is to receive the respective second wall panels (P2) inclined mutually facing each other and bent at respective angles (A) less than 90 degrees with respect to the base (P0) of the box (C), to form a box (C) sloped-walled conical, as shown in Figs. 21 to 25.
    [0232] Figs. 1, 5, and 23 show that in said machine (100) for the formation of boxes, the tilting members (91) cooperate together with the upper stops (10) to maintain said inclined wall panels (P2) in their inclined position. , so that the inclination members (91) are configured to incline the walls on the outside of the box (C), pushing them towards the inside, and the upper stops (10) are configured to limit said inclination on the inside of the box ( C). In this exemplary embodiment, in Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 23 it is observed that in each second inclined wall panel (P2) two inclination benders (90) and two upper stops (10) cooperate.
    [0234] In the box-forming machine (100) (C), the first and second active benders (71, 81) are configured to position themselves in their home position. bent (Fig. 7) after the tilting members (91) reach their tilting position (91) of Figs. 8 and 23. This causes the controlled bending of the respective roof fins (P3) by respective horizontal fold lines (L1) that join them to the second wall panels (P2) inclined to a bending position of the roof fins ( P3) horizontal (Figs. 21 to 25), thanks to the fact that the upper stops (10) and the tilting members (91) cooperate together with the first active benders (71) to keep the second wall panels (P2) inclined with the Desired inclination in said respective angles (A) during the bending of the roof flaps (P3) to a bending position where the bending blades (74) are horizontal.
    [0236] Figs. 7-14, 21 and 22 show that the first benders (71) of Figs. 7, 8 and 10 form the horizontal canopy fins (P3) (P3) of the box (C) shown in Figs. 21 to 25.
    [0238] The second active benders (81) of Figs. 7 to 14 fold and glue two reinforcing flaps (P4) located on both sides of each roof fin (P3), shown in Figs. 21 to 25, after the first active benders (71) reach their bending position (Fig. 7) where the bending blades (74) are horizontal.
    [0239] Figs. 1, 3, 11, 12 and 23 to 25 show that the tap actuator (2) is configured to impart said upward movement to the tap (3) after the first and second active benders (71, 81) are positioned. in its folded position. A formation with the male (3) in this position helps a correct bending of the plate (P), even when the fold lines of the plate (P), for example said horizontal fold lines (L1) shown in Figs . 22 and 25 are defective.
    [0241] Figs. 1 to 14 show that in said machine (100), the mold (50) further comprises four third benders (63) located between each respective first and second benders (61, 62), one adjacent to each of the four corners of the rectangular molding cavity (51). Also the mold (50) comprises four active third benders (75), mutually facing each other in pairs on opposite sides of the molding cavity (51).
    [0243] Figs. 13 and 14 show that each third active bender (75) comprises a molding member (76) provided with a vertical surface and connected to a linear actuator (77), and a linear actuator (77) configured to move said molding members (76) in opposite parallel directions.
    [0244] Figs. 7 and 8 show that in the mold (50) said molding members (76) are movable between a receiving position, where a third measure (D3) greater than the outer measure between the two first wall panels (P1) is separated. perpendicular to the base (P0) of the box (C), and a bending and gluing position, where a fourth distance (D4) corresponding to the external measurement between the first wall panels (P1) perpendicular to the base are separated (P0) from box (C), as shown in Fig. 22.
    [0246] In the mold (50), said reception position is maintained from the moment the core (3) is inserted into the mold (3) until the first and second benders (61, 62) bend the side walls (P1, P2) of the the box (C) so that the walls are pre-bent towards the outside of the mold (50) to avoid the dragging of the glue cords.
    [0248] Figs. 10 and 15 to 20 show that the male (3), for the vertical adjustment of each of the upper stops (10) with respect to the support structure (4), comprises a linear guide device (16, 17) embodied in a recess (16) and an elongated hole (17), and a linear guide locking and unlocking device (18), materialized in a screw (18) that passes through the elongated hole (17) and threads in an upper stop guide piece ( fifteen).
    [0250] In Figs. 10 and 15 to 17, the male (3) comprises second linear guide devices (13, 15), each one materialized in a second recess made in the upper stop guide piece (15) and an upper stop support (13) slidable in the upper stop guide piece (15). Each second linear guide device (13, 15) uses a linear guide locking and unlocking device (18) for the regulation in the first horizontal direction (X) of its upper stop (10) blocking the upper stop support (13 ). Therefore, the element (18) serves to lock and unlock both vertically and in the first horizontal direction (X).
    [0252] In Figs. 10 and 15 to 17, the male (3) comprises third linear guide devices (19), each one embodied in an elongated hole and a third linear guide locking and unlocking device (20) embodied in a screw that allows sliding a nut along the elongated hole, for the adjustment in the first horizontal direction (X) of the pushers (7). Said screw (20) threads into a pusher support (14) that supports the pusher (7).
    [0254] In Figs. 4 to 7, in the mold (50), each inclining bender (91) further comprises a linear guide device materialized in an elongated hole (94) aligned according to the vertical and a linear guide unlocking locking device (95) embodied in a screw, to vertically regulate the axis of rotation (92) around which the inclination member (91) tilts, maintaining the position of said inclination member ( 91).
    [0256] In Figs. 25 and 27 it is shown in detail that the machine (100) for the formation of conical boxes (C) with inclined walls, allows the formation of boxes (C) with changing angles (A), for example, boxes with walls that form relative to the base 85 degrees, 80 degrees, 75 degrees, etc. Also the machine (100) allows the formation of conical boxes (C) with a variety of heights. Thus, the machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C) is adjustable for different box heights and / or wall angles (A).
    [0258] Returning to Fig. 1, it can be seen that said transport guides (47) and said lateral supports (46) of the plate loader (45) are adjustable by means of two adjustment spindles (48), one arranged in the area of the mold ( 50) and another arranged in the area of the plate loader (45), to adapt the machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C) of different sizes from plates (P) of different sizes.
    [0260] In Figs. 1 to 3 and 15 to 27, in the machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C), the male (3) comprises four pusher members (7) and four upper stops (10) that protrude from the four corners of the support structure (4), two being located towards one side and two towards another opposite side of the core (5), the pushing members (7) and the four upper stops (10) being adjustable according to the second horizontal direction (Y).
    [0262] Likewise, Figs. 1, 2, 4, 7, 13 and 14 show that the mold (50) comprises four corner assemblies (55) corresponding to four corners of the rectangular mold cavity (51).
    [0264] Each corner assembly (55) is adjustable according to first and second horizontal directions (X, Y) mutually perpendicular.
    [0266] Each corner assembly (55) comprises one of said first benders (61), one of said second benders (62), one of said active second benders (81), one of said tilting benders (90), and one of said third benders. active benders (75), all of them supported on a main support (56).
    [0268] In Figs. 7 to 9 it is observed that the regulation in the first horizontal direction (X) is carried out by means of two first mold regulation spindles (98) mutually facing each other on two opposite sides of the molding cavity (51) aligned with the first horizontal direction (X). The corner assemblies (55) are supported on said spindles (98) in pairs, and each pair is connected to each spindle (98) by means of a respective carriage nut (97), so that when the spindles (98) rotate in one way or another, the distance between a pair of corner sets (55) and the other is greater or less.
    [0270] Likewise, in Figs. 7 to 9 it is observed that the regulation in the second horizontal direction (Y) is carried out by means of two second mold regulation spindles (99) mutually facing each other on two other opposite sides of the molding cavity (51) aligned with the second horizontal direction (AND). The corner assemblies (55) are supported on said spindles (98) in pairs, and each pair is connected to each spindle (99) with respective second carriage nuts (97) attached to said main supports (56), so that As the spindles (99) rotate in one direction or another, the distance between one pair of corner sets (55) and the other is greater or less.
    [0272] This makes it possible to obtain a machine (100) for the formation of conical boxes (C) with bases (P0) of different sizes.
    [0274] In Figs. 3 and 11 to 14 it is shown that in each corner assembly (55) of said machine (100), a flange (61a) regulates the position of the first bender (61) and the third active bender (75) with respect to the main support ( 56) according to the first horizontal direction (X), and a second flange (62a) regulates the position of the second bender (62) with respect to the main support according to the second horizontal direction (Y).
    [0276] According to the first embodiment of machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C), in the male (3) of Figs. 15 to 27, the pushers (7) are tiltable and each one is mounted to pivot on a tilting axis (8) aligned with the second horizontal direction (Y), and the upper stops (10) are tiltable and each one is mounted to pivot on an articulated axis (11) aligned with the second horizontal direction (Y).
    [0278] Following in this first embodiment of machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C), in Figs. 15 to 27 the male (3) also comprises a rotation limiter (9) associated with each said pusher (7) to keep the respective pusher (7) rigid in its extended position, and which allows its respective tilting pusher (7) to pivot to its retracted position. Likewise, the male (3) comprises a second rotation limiter (12) associated with each said upper stop (10) to keep the respective upper stop (10) rigid in its extended position, and which allows its respective upper stop (10) to pivot. ) tilted to its retracted position. Sayings rotation limiters (9, 12) are materialized in elastic elements. In Figs. 15 to 27 are springs connected, respectively, at one end to the upper stop (10) or pusher (7), and at the other end to its support piece (13, 14)
    [0280] According to a second embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the box-forming machine (100) comprises all the elements and characteristics of the first embodiment except those mentioned in the two previous paragraphs. In this second embodiment, however, Fig. 28 shows that in the male (3) of the box-forming machine (100), the pushers (7) are retractable and each one is mounted at the end of one of a linear motive member (25), materialized in a pneumatic cylinder, configured to move the pushers (7) between the extended position and the retracted position.
    [0282] According to a third embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, it comprises all the elements and characteristics of the first embodiment except those mentioned in the three previous paragraphs. According to this third embodiment, Fig. 29 shows that, in the male (3) of the machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C), the pusher (7) and the upper stop (10) on the same side are linked by a mechanism (26) comprising a rod that joins a pusher (7) with the stop (10).
    [0284] In Figs. 1 to 3 it is shown that in the mold (50) of the machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C) each folding blade (74) is equipped with two windows through which two respective tilting members (91) appear that allow that each folding blade (74) and its two associated tilting members (91) are in the folding position at the same time.
    [0286] According to a second aspect, a first embodiment relating to a method for forming boxes (C) is presented.
    [0288] Said method for forming boxes (C) comprises the step a) of imparting a guided descent and ascent movement according to the vertical direction to a core (3), by means of a male drive member (2) supported on a chassis ( 1), as shown in Figs. 1 to 3. The core (3) moves between an extracted position located outside a mold cavity (51), shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 10, and an inserted position, causing the introduction of the core (3) into the molding cavity (51), represented in Figs. 23 and 24.
    [0290] Likewise, said method comprises the step of b) bending parts of a sheet (P) of laminar material by means of said core (3) in cooperation with a mold (50).
    [0291] Step b) comprises, in turn, step b1) of folding two first wall panels (P1) mutually facing and attached to the base (P0) of the plate (P) by means of two side members (6) joined to each side of a core (5) of the core (3) according to a first horizontal direction (X). Said core (5) is provided in a support structure (4) connected in use to the male actuator (2).
    [0292] The bending of said first wall panels (P1) with respect to the base (P0) of the box (C) of Figs. 21, 22 and 25 is made in cooperation with four curved first benders (61), mutually facing each other in pairs on opposite sides of the molding cavity (51), shown in Figs. 3, 4, 7 and 8.
    [0294] Likewise, stage b) comprises stage b2) of folding two second wall panels (P2) mutually facing and attached to the base (P0) of the plate (P), and provided in their upper part with roof fins ( P3) shown in Figs. 21 to 25, by means of four two tilting or retractable pushers (7) supported on the support structure (4).
    [0296] Figs. 15 to 18 show that said pushers (7) are provided with lateral ends that protrude from four corresponding corners of the support structure (4), and two pushers (7) are located towards one side and two others towards the opposite side of the core. (5) according to a second horizontal direction (Y) perpendicular to the first horizontal direction (X).
    [0298] In Figs. 23 to 25 it is illustrated that said pushers (7) are movable between an extended position (Fig. 23) to press a base (P0) of said plate (P) during the descent of the male (3), and a retracted position (not shown) to overcome a horizontal roof flap (P3) of the box (C) during the ascent of the male (3). In Fig. 23 the pushers (7) are partially retracted to overcome the inclination of the second inclined wall panels (P2). Before reaching the situation shown in Fig. 25, the pushers (7) reach their retracted position to overcome the canopy fins (P3).
    [0300] The bending of said second wall panels (P2) with respect to the base (P0) of the box (C) is carried out in cooperation with four inclined second benders (62), mutually facing each other in pairs on opposite sides of the molding cavity ( 51), shown in Figs. 3, 4, 7 and 8.
    [0302] Also, step b) comprises step b3) of assisting in the bending of said two second wall panels (P2) mutually facing and attached to the base (P0) of the the plate (P) by means of four tilting or retractable upper stops (10) supported on the support structure (4).
    [0304] In Figs. 15 to 18, said upper stops (10) are provided with lateral ends projecting from four corresponding corners of the support structure (4), one from each corner.
    [0306] In Figs. 15 to 18, two upper stops (10) are located towards one side and two others towards the opposite side of the core (5) according to the second horizontal direction (Y) and above the respective pushers (7).
    [0308] Additionally, stage b) comprises stage b4) of moving two active first benders (71), each one comprising an actuator (72) configured to move a rotation shaft (73), a horizontal rotation shaft (73) operatively connected to said actuator (72), and a bending blade (74) integrally attached to said turning shaft (73) moving between a rest position of Figs. 7 and 10 where it is outside or adjacent to the molding cavity (51) and a bending position of Fig. 8 where it is positioned within the molding cavity (51). Figs. 7 and 8 show that the turning shafts (73) of each active bender (71) are facing each other on two opposite sides adjacent to the mold cavity (51).
    [0310] Likewise, step b) comprises step b5) of moving four active second benders (81) between a rest position of Figs. 7, 11 and 12 where it is outside or adjacent to the molding cavity (51) and a bending position of Fig. 8 where it is positioned towards the inside of the molding cavity (51).
    [0312] Also, stage b) comprises stage b6) of tilting said two second wall panels (P2) by means of tilting benders (90) provided with respective tilting members (91), as shown in Figures 23 and 24 .
    [0314] Said inclination occurs between a rest position (not shown), where each inclination member (91) and its second wall panel (P2) are in a vertical plane or adjacent to the molding cavity (51), and a position inclination of Figs. 23 and 24, wherein each tilting member (91) and its wall panel (P2) are in a respective plane slightly inclined towards the interior of the mold cavity (51).
    [0315] Figs. 2-7 show that the number of tilt benders (90) is four and they are located in pairs on two opposite sides adjacent to the mold cavity (51). Each tilting bender (90) comprises a tilting member (91) that tilts about a horizontal axis of rotation (92) supported on a tilting bracket (96), and a tilting actuator (93) operable to move the tilting member (91).
    [0317] Figs. 23 to 25 show that stage b) comprises stage b7) of receiving said two respective wall panels (P2) inclined mutually facing each other and bent at respective angles (A) less than 90 degrees with respect to the base (P0) of the box (C) at the ends of the pushers (7) and the upper stops (10) to form a conical box (C) with sloping walls.
    [0319] Said reception occurs with the male (3) being configured with a first distance (D1) between the lateral ends of the pushers (7) located on opposite sides of the core (5) greater than a second distance (D2) between the ends of the upper stops (10) located on those same opposite sides of the core (5), as shown in Figs. 18 and 20
    [0321] Likewise, Figs. 23 to 25 show that stage b) comprises stage b8) keeping said wall panels (P2) inclined by means of the inclination members (91) and the upper stops (10), so that the inclination members (91) incline the walls on the outside of the box (C) pushing them towards the inside, and the upper stops (10) limit said inclination on the inside side of the box (C).
    [0323] Also, step b) comprises step b9) of positioning the first and second active benders (71, 81) in their bending position of Fig. 8 after step b8) of Fig. 23, causing controlled bending of the respective canopy fins (P3) of Figs. 21 and 22 by respective horizontal fold lines (L1) that join them to the second wall panels (P2) to a bending position where the roof flaps (P3) are horizontal, thanks to the movement of the first active benders ( 71) to a bending position where the bending blades (74) are horizontal (Fig. 8), in cooperation with the upper stops (10) and the tilting members (91) that keep said wall panels (P2) inclined with the desired inclination at said respective angles (A) during the bending of the canopy fins (P3), as shown in Fig. 23.
    [0325] In this first method embodiment, in step a) the upward movement of the core (3) is imparted after step b9). A formation with the male (3) in this position helps a correct bending of the plate (P), even when the fold lines of the plate (P), for example said horizontal fold lines (L1) are defective.
    [0326] Also in this first method embodiment, in step b9), the second active benders (81) fold and glue two reinforcing flaps (P4), shown in Figs. 21 and 22 and located on both sides of each roof flap (P3), after the first active benders (71) reach their bending position where the bending blades (74) are horizontal (Figs. 8 and 23).
    [0328] The method of this first embodiment further comprises, after steps b1), b2) and b6), step b10) of moving four molding members (76) that are an integral part of respective third active benders (75).
    [0330] In Figs. 7 to 9, said third active benders (75) are mutually facing in pairs on opposite sides of the molding cavity (51). In Figs.
    [0331] 7-9 and 13 each third active bender (75) comprises a molding member (76) provided with a vertical surface and connected to a linear actuator (77), and said linear actuator (77) that moves said molding members (76) in opposite parallel directions.
    [0333] In Figs. 7 and 8, the displacement in step b10) of the molding members (76) and their vertical surfaces is effected in opposite parallel directions between a receiving position (Figs. 3, 4, 7 and 9) where they are separated by a third measurement (D3) greater than the exterior measurement between the first two wall panels (P1) perpendicular to the base (P0) of the box (C), and a position of bending and gluing (Fig. 8) where they are separated a fourth distance (D4) corresponding to the external measurement between the first wall panels (P1) perpendicular to the base (P0) of the box (C).
    [0335] This step b10) helps the correct formation of the inclined walls without dragging the glue cords deposited on the plate (P), among other advantages.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    1.- Machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C), comprising:
    - a chassis (1);
    - a male drive member (2) supported on the chassis (1) that is capable of imparting a guided descent and ascent movement according to the vertical direction to a male (3);
    - a core (3) attached to the core actuator (2) movable according to the vertical from an extracted position located outside a molding cavity (51) to an inserted position causing the insertion of the core (3) into the cavity of molding (51);
    - a mold (50) supported in use on the chassis (1) and provided with said molding cavity (51) which is essentially rectangular and defined by a plurality of benders (61, 62) configured to bend parts of a plate (P ) of laminar material in cooperation with said core (3);
    wherein said male (3) comprises:
    - A support structure (4) connected in use to the male actuating member (2), provided with a core (5) and two side members (6), the two side members (6) being attached, one on each side of the core (5) according to a first horizontal direction (X), configured to press the base (P0) of said plate (P) during the descent of the male (3), and configured to, in cooperation with at least two first benders (61) mutually facing inclined or curved on two opposite sides of the molding cavity (51), folding two first wall panels (P1) facing each other and attached to the base (P0) of the plate (P);
    - At least two tilting or retractable pushers (7) supported on the support structure (4), provided with lateral ends that protrude from four corresponding corners of the support structure (4), at least one pusher (7) being located towards a side and at least one other towards the opposite side of the core (5) according to a second horizontal direction (Y) perpendicular to the first horizontal direction (X), the pushers (7) being movable between an extended position to press a base (P0) of said plate (P) during the descent of the male (3), and a retracted position to overcome a horizontal roof flap (P3) of the box (C) during the ascent of the male (3), and configured to, in cooperation with at least two second benders (62) inclined or curved mutually facing each other two opposite sides of the molding cavity (51), folding two second wall panels (P2) mutually facing and attached to the base (P0) of the plate (P); and
    - At least two tilting or retractable upper stops (10) supported on the support structure (4), provided with lateral ends that protrude from four corresponding corners of the support structure (4), at least one being located to one side and to the minus another towards the opposite side of the core (5) according to the second horizontal direction (Y) and above the respective pushers (7), movable between an extended position and a retracted position to overcome said horizontal roof flap (P3) of the box (C) during the ascent of the male (3), and configured to, in cooperation with the mold (50), help the bending of said two second wall panels (P2) mutually facing and attached to the base (P0) of the the iron (P);
    wherein the mold (50) further comprises:
    - at least two active first benders (71), each comprising an actuator (72) configured to move a rotary shaft (73), a horizontal rotary shaft (73) operatively connected to said actuator (72), and a bending blade (74) integrally attached to said turning shaft (73) that moves between a rest position where it is outside or adjacent to the molding cavity (51) and a bending position where it is positioned within the mold cavity (51), wherein the turning shafts (73) of each active bender (71) face each other on two opposite sides adjacent to the mold cavity (51);
    - four second active benders (81), one located at each of the four corners of the rectangular molding cavity (51), each comprising a bending member (82) movable by a second actuator (83) between a resting position where it is outside or adjacent to the molding cavity (51) and a bending position where it is positioned towards the inside of the molding cavity (51); and
    - at least two tilting benders (90), each one located on two opposite sides adjacent to the molding cavity (51), each comprising:
    - a tilting member (91) tilting about a horizontal axis of rotation (92) supported on a tilting support (96);
    - a tilting actuator (93) operable to move the tilting member (91) between a rest position, in which the tilting member (91) is in a vertical plane or adjacent to the mold cavity (51), and an inclined position, in which the inclination member (91) is in a plane slightly inclined towards the interior of the mold cavity (51);
    characterized because
    in the male (3) a first distance (D1) between the lateral ends of the pushers (7) located on opposite sides of the core (5) is greater than a second distance (D2) between the ends of the upper stops (10) located on opposite sides of the core (5), to receive the respective second wall panels (P2) inclined mutually facing each other and bent at respective angles (A) less than 90 degrees with respect to the base (P0) of the box (C), to form a tapered box (C) with sloping walls;
    The inclination members (91) cooperate together with the upper stops (10) to maintain said inclined wall panels (P2) in their inclined position, so that the inclination members (91) are configured to incline the walls outside the box (C) pushing them towards the inside, and the upper stops (10) are configured to limit said inclination on the inside side of the box (C);
    The first and second active benders (71, 81) are configured to position themselves in their bending position after the tilting members (91) reach their tilting position (91), causing controlled bending of the respective roof flaps (P3 ) by respective horizontal fold lines (L1) that join them to the second wall panels (P2) inclined to a horizontal folding position of the canopy fins (P3), thanks to the fact that the upper stops (10) and the members tilters (91) cooperate, together with the first active benders (71), to keep the second wall panels (P2) inclined with the desired inclination at said respective angles (A) during the bending of the canopy fins (P3) up to a bending position where the bending blades (74) are horizontal.
    [2]
    2. Machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C) according to claim 1, wherein the male actuating member (2) is configured to impart said ascending movement to the male (3) after the first and second benders assets (71, 81) are positioned in their folded position.
    [3]
    3. Machine (100) for forming boxes (C) according to any of claims 1 or 2, wherein the mold (50) further comprises:
    four third benders (63) located between each respective first and second benders (61, 62), one being adjacent to each of the four corners of the rectangular mold cavity (51); and
    at least two third active benders (75), facing each other on opposite sides of the molding cavity (51), each third active bender (75) comprising:
    - a molding member (76) provided with a vertical surface and connected to a linear actuator (77);
    - a linear actuator (77) configured to move said molding members (76) in opposite parallel directions, between a receiving position, where a third measurement (D3) greater than the external measurement between the first two wall panels ( P1) perpendicular to the base (P0) of the box (C), and a bending and gluing position, where a fourth distance (D4) corresponding to the external measurement between the first wall panels (P1) perpendicular to the base (P0) of the box (C).
    [4]
    4. Machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C) according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the core (3) comprises:
    linear guide devices (16, 17) and respective linear guide locking and unlocking devices (18) for the vertical adjustment of the upper stops (10) with respect to the support structure (4);
    second linear guide devices (13, 15) for the regulation in the first horizontal direction (X) of the upper stops (10);
    third linear guide devices (19) and third linear guide locking and unlocking devices (20) for adjusting the pushers (7) in the first horizontal direction (X); and
    Each tilt bender (91) further comprises a linear guide device (94) and a linear guide release lock device (95) to vertically regulate the axis of rotation (92) around which the tilt member (91 ) maintaining the position of said tilting member (91).
    [5]
    5. Machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C) according to claim 4, wherein:
    The male (3) comprises four pusher members (7) and four upper stops (10) that protrude from the four corners of the support structure (4), two being located towards one side and two towards another opposite side of the core (5) , being the pusher members (7) and the upper stops (10) adjustable according to the second horizontal direction (Y);
    The mold (50) comprises four corner sets (55) corresponding to four corners of the rectangular molding cavity (51), where each corner set (55) is adjustable according to a first and second horizontal directions (X, Y) mutually perpendicular, each corner assembly (55) comprising one of said first benders (61), one of said second benders (62), one of said active second benders (81), one of said tilting benders (90), and one of said third active benders (75), all of them supported on a main support (56);
    for adapting the machine to boxes (C) with bases (P0) of different sizes.
    [6]
    6. Machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C) according to claim 5, wherein in each corner assembly (55):
    - a flange (61a) regulates the position of the first bender (61) and the third active bender (75) with respect to the main support (56) according to the first horizontal direction (X); and
    - a second flange (62a) regulates the position of the second bender (62) with respect to the main support (56) according to the second horizontal direction (Y).
    [7]
    7. Machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C) according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein, in the core (3), the pushers (7) are tiltable and each is mounted to pivot on an axis tilt (8) aligned with the second horizontal direction (Y), and the upper stops (10) are tiltable and each is mounted to pivot on an articulated axis (11) aligned with the second horizontal direction (Y).
    [8]
    8. Machine (100) for forming boxes (C) according to claim 7, wherein the core (3) further comprises
    - a rotation limiter (9) associated with each pusher (7) to keep the respective pusher (7) rigid in its extended position, and allowing its respective tilting pusher (7) to pivot to its retracted position; and
    - a second rotation limiter (12) associated with each said upper stop (10) to keep the respective upper stop (10) rigid in its extended position, and which allows its respective upper swing stop (10) to pivot to its retracted position.
    [9]
    9. Machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C) according to claim 7, wherein in the male (3), the pusher (7) and the upper stop (10) on the same side are linked by a mechanism ( 26).
    [10]
    10. Machine (100) for forming boxes (C) according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the pushers (7) are retractable and each one is mounted at the end of a linear drive member (25) configured to move the pushers (7) between their extended position and their retracted position.
    [11]
    11. Machine (100) for the formation of boxes (C) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each folding blade (74) is provided with at least one window through which the tilting member (91) protrudes that allows the bending blade (74) and tilting member (91) are in bending position at the same time.
    [12]
    12. Method for the formation of boxes (C), comprising the stages of:
    a) imparting a guided descent and ascent movement according to the vertical direction to a male (3), by means of a male actuator (2) supported on a chassis (1), wherein the male (3) moves between a extracted position located outside a molding cavity (51) and an introduced position causing the introduction of the core (3) into the molding cavity (51),
    b) bending parts of a sheet (P) of laminar material by means of said male (3) in cooperation with a mold (50), this step b) comprising the steps of:
    b1) bending two first wall panels (P1) mutually facing and attached to the base (P0) of the plate (P) by means of two side members (6) joined to each side of a core (5) of the male (3) according to a first horizontal direction (X), said core (5) being provided in a support structure (4) connected in use to the male actuator (2), making a bending of said first wall panels (P1) with respect to the base (P0) of the box (C) in cooperation with at least two first inclined or curved benders (61), mutually facing each other on opposite sides of the molding cavity (51);
    b2) Fold two second wall panels (P2) mutually facing and attached to the base (P0) of the plate (P), and provided in their upper part with a few roof fins (P3), by means of at least two pushers (7) tilting or retractable supported on the support structure (4), provided with lateral ends that protrude from four corresponding corners of the support structure (4), at least one pusher (7) being located to one side and at least one to the side opposite of nucleus (5) according to a second horizontal direction (Y) perpendicular to the first horizontal direction (X), said pushers (7) being movable between an extended position to press a base (P0) of said plate (P) during the descent of the male (3), and a retracted position to overcome a horizontal roof flap (P3) of the box (C) during the ascent of the male (3), making a bending of said second wall panels (P2) with respect to the base (P0 ) of the box (C) in cooperation with at least two inclined or curved second benders (62), mutually facing each other on opposite sides of the molding cavity (51);
    b3) help the bending of said two second wall panels (P2) mutually facing and attached to the base (P0) of the plate (P) by means of at least two upper bumpers (10) tilting or retractable supported on the support structure (4 ), provided with lateral ends that protrude from four corresponding corners of the support structure (4), at least one upper stop (10) being located towards one side and at least one other towards the opposite side of the core (5) according to the second horizontal direction (Y) and above the respective pushers (7);
    b4) moving at least two active first benders (71), each comprising an actuator (72) configured to move a rotary shaft (73), a horizontal rotary shaft (73) operatively connected to said actuator (72) , and a bending blade (74) integrally attached to said rotation shaft (73) that moves between a rest position where it is outside or adjacent to the molding cavity (51) and a bending position where it is positioned within the mold cavity (51), and wherein the turning shafts (73) of each active bender (71) are mutually facing on two opposite sides adjacent to the mold cavity (51);
    b5) moving four second active benders (81) between a rest position where it is outside or adjacent to the molding cavity (51) and a folding position where it is positioned towards the interior of the mold cavity (51); and
    b6) tilting said two second wall panels (P2) by means of tilting benders (90) provided with respective tilting members (91), between a rest position, where each tilting member (91) and its second wall panel ( P2) are in a vertical plane or adjacent to the molding cavity (51), and a tilting position, wherein each tilting member (91) and its wall panel (P2) is in a respective plane slightly inclined inward of the molding cavity (51), the tilt benders (90) being located on two opposite sides adjacent to the molding cavity (51), and each comprising a tilting member (91) that swivels about an axis rotating (92) horizontal supported on a tilting bracket (96), and a tilting actuator (93) operable to move the tilting member (91);
    characterized in that step b) further comprises the steps of:
    b7) receiving said two respective wall panels (P2) inclined mutually facing each other and bent at respective angles (A) less than 90 degrees with respect to the base (P0) of the box (C) at the ends of the pushers (7) and of the upper stops (10) to form a conical box (C) with inclined walls, the male (3) being configured with a first distance (D1) between the lateral ends of the pushers (7) located on opposite sides of the core ( 5) greater than a second distance (D2) between the ends of the upper stops (10) located on those same opposite sides of the core (5);
    b8) keep said wall panels (P2) inclined by means of the inclination members (91) and the upper stops (10), so that the inclination members (91) incline the walls on the outside of the box (C), pushing them inside , and the upper stops (10) limit said inclination on the inner side of the box (C); and
    b9) positioning the first and second active benders (71, 81) in their bending position after step b8), causing the controlled bending of the respective canopy fins (P3) by respective horizontal fold lines (L1) that join the second wall panels (P2) to a bending position where the canopy fins (P3) are horizontal, thanks to the movement of the first active benders (71) to a bending position where the bending blades (74 ) are horizontal, in cooperation with the upper stops (10) and the tilting members (91) that keep said wall panels (P2) inclined with the desired inclination at said respective angles (A) during the folding of the roof fins (P3 ).
    [13]
    Method according to claim 12, wherein in step a) the upward movement of the core (3) is imparted after step b9).
    [14]
    Method according to any of claims 12 or 13, wherein in step b9) the second active benders (81) fold and glue two reinforcing flaps (P4) located on both sides of each roof fin (P3) after the first active benders (71) reach their bending position where the bending blades (74) are horizontal.
    [15]
    15. Method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, comprising after steps b1), b2) and b6) in addition the step of:
    b10) displacing at least two molding members (76) that form an integral part of respective third active benders (75), mutually facing each other on opposite sides of the molding cavity (51), each third active bender (75) comprising a molding member (76) provided with a vertical surface and connected to a linear actuator (77), and said linear actuator (77) moving said molding members (76) in opposite parallel directions;
    - said displacement of the molding members (76) and their vertical surfaces in opposite parallel directions between a receiving position where they are separated by a third measure (D3) greater than the outer measure between the two first wall panels (P1) perpendicular to the base (P0) of the box (C), and a bending and gluing position where a fourth distance (D4) corresponding to the external measurement between the first wall panels (P1) perpendicular to the base ( P0) from the box (C).
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    同族专利:
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    ES2798155B2|2021-08-09|
    ES1239094U|2019-12-27|
    ES1239094Y|2020-03-19|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES2439142A1|2012-07-18|2014-01-21|Telésforo GONZÁLEZ OLMOS|Device for the bending and bearing of corners of conical carton boxes |
    ES2795099B2|2020-05-07|2021-04-19|Telesforo Gonzalez Maqu Slu|METHOD AND MACHINE FOR FORMING CARDBOARD BOXES BY GLUING, COMPUTER PROGRAM, AND COMPUTER-READABLE DEVICE THAT HAS STORED SAID PROGRAM|
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